I know it is old, but the classic is a classic for reasons. It is criminal this survey does not include the venerable Secrets of the Glasgow Haskell Compiler inliner by Simon Peyton Jones et al.

Really nice write-up. After reading through the survey, I’m curious if there’s any evidence that more complex heuristics (ML-based or multi-stage policies) actually outperform simpler budget + size + hotness models in production JITs, or if they mainly help at the margins.